12月4日，國務(wù)院新聞辦公室發(fā)表《中國的民主》白皮書(shū)。該書(shū)全面總結中國的民主發(fā)展取得的顯著(zhù)成就，深入闡釋全過(guò)程人民民主的價(jià)值理念、制度程序、參與實(shí)踐和世界意義。當代中國與世界研究院、中國翻譯研究院梳理了致辭中的重要概念表述和特色用語(yǔ)，選摘審定英文表達，形成漢英對照，供業(yè)界及相關(guān)人員參考使用。

三、具有具體現實(shí)的民主實(shí)踐

III. Concrete and Pragmatic Practices

全過(guò)程人民民主，把選舉民主與協(xié)商民主結合起來(lái)，把民主選舉、民主協(xié)商、民主決策、民主管理、民主監督貫通起來(lái)，涵蓋經(jīng)濟、政治、文化、社會(huì )、生態(tài)文明等各個(gè)方面，關(guān)注國家發(fā)展大事、社會(huì )治理難事、百姓日常瑣事。

China's whole-process people's democracy is a combination of electoral democracy and consultative democracy, and is applied through a combination of elections, consultations, decision-making, management and oversight. It covers the economic, political, cultural, social, eco-environmental and other fields, with a focus on national development, social governance and people's lives.

（一）民主選舉

Democratic Election

1．中國的民主選舉是符合中國國情的，是與中國的發(fā)展階段相適應的，是隨著(zhù)經(jīng)濟社會(huì )發(fā)展與時(shí)俱進(jìn)的。

China's democratic elections are adapted to the country's national conditions and stage of socio-economic development.

（二）民主協(xié)商

Democratic Consultation

2．有事好商量，眾人的事情由眾人商量，找到全社會(huì )意愿和要求的最大公約數，是人民民主的真諦。

Whenever a problem occurs, those concerned should always hold deliberations in good faith. Matters involving many people are discussed by all those involved; to reach the greatest common ground based on the wishes and needs of the whole of society is the essence of people's democracy.

3．協(xié)商民主源自中華民族長(cháng)期形成的天下為公、兼容并蓄、求同存異等優(yōu)秀政治文化。

Democratic consultation derives from the best of traditional Chinese culture, including such ideas as aspiring for the common good, mutual understanding and inclusiveness, and seeking common ground while setting aside differences.

4．提案、會(huì )議、座談、論證、聽(tīng)證、評估、咨詢(xún)、網(wǎng)絡(luò )、民意調查

proposals, conferences, discussions, seminars, hearings, assessments, consultations, the internet, and opinion polls

5．政黨協(xié)商、人大協(xié)商、政府協(xié)商、政協(xié)協(xié)商、人民團體協(xié)商、基層協(xié)商、社會(huì )組織協(xié)商

consultations carried out by political parties, people's congresses, government departments, CPPCC committees, people's organizations, social organizations, and communities

（三）民主決策

Democratic Decision-Making

6．在中國，察民情、聽(tīng)民聲、順民意，群策群力、集思廣益成為常態(tài)，越來(lái)越多來(lái)自基層的聲音直達各級決策層，越來(lái)越多的群眾意見(jiàn)轉化為黨和政府的重大決策。

In China, the standard practice is to hear people's voices, act on their needs, and pool their ideas and strength. More and more ideas and suggestions of the general public are flowing directly to decision-makers at all levels, and they are increasingly reflected in the major decisions of the Party and the government.

7．人大“開(kāi)門(mén)立法”

open-door legislation by the NPC

8．政府“開(kāi)門(mén)問(wèn)策”

transparent decision-making by the government

9．廣大群眾參與基層決策

grassroots decision-making

（四）民主管理

Democratic Management

10．人民的事人民管，人民的事人民辦。

In China, the people manage their own affairs.

11．在中國，廣大人民弘揚主人翁精神，發(fā)揮主體作用，積極行使民主權利，通過(guò)各種途徑和形式，管理國家事務(wù)，管理經(jīng)濟和文化事業(yè)，管理社會(huì )事務(wù)。

They are the masters of the country and exercise their democratic rights accordingly, managing affairs of the state, the economy, culture, and society through various channels and in many forms.

12．參與國家政治生活和社會(huì )生活的管理

participation in the management of political and social life

13．城鄉社區民主管理

democratic management of urban and rural communities

14．企事業(yè)單位民主管理

democratic management of enterprises and public institutions

15．社會(huì )組織民主管理

democratic management of social organizations

（五）民主監督

Democratic Oversight

16．全面有效的民主監督，保證人民的民主權利不因選舉結束而中斷，保證權力運用得到有效制約。

Comprehensive and effective democratic oversight enables the people to continue to exercise their democratic rights after elections, and ensures that there is an effective check on the exercise of power.

17．人大監督

supervision by people's congresses

18．民主監督

supervision by non-CPC political parties

19．行政監督

administrative supervision

20．監察監督

oversight by supervisory commissions

21．司法監督

judicial supervision

22．審計監督

auditing supervision

23．財會(huì )監督

fiscal and accounting supervision

24．統計監督

statistical supervision

25．群眾監督

public supervision

26．輿論監督

supervision by public opinion